Building construction.



A. TREO.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED mmzz. 19x4 1,137,297. Patented Apr. 27, 1915.

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v /MZ%M/ A. TREO.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21. 1914.

Patented Apr. 27, 191".

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A. TREO.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.27. I914.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFONS TBEO, OFDUQUESNE, PENNSYLVANI A.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 27, 1915.

Application filed March 27, 1914. Serial No. 827,623

To all whom it may concern Y Be it known that L-Anron's. TREo, a subjectof the Emperor Francis Joseph I of Austria-Hungary, residing atDuquesne, in

the county of Allegheny and State of Pennof a self-supporting fire-prooffloor and ceiling construction embodying a unique assemblage of parts,whereby the construction will effectively resist the dead and liveloads, before as well as after, the setting of the concrete or grout.

Another object of the present invention is to providea floorconstruction which may be readily built up, and which will reduce theamount of labor and materials necessary, as well as'providing a floorconstruction possessing a high degree of strength and fire protection.

A further object of the invention is to' provide novel means forsupporting the tiles from the reinforcing bars, and which will enablethe concrete to be poured between and over the tiles and reinforcingbars and then tamped, to bind the tiles and reinforcing bars firmlytogether.

It is also the object of the invention to dispense with the necessity ofthe usual props or scaffolding for supporting the tile-supporting andform or centering boards, so that the expense will be reducedmaterially, as well as saving considerable labor.

The invention comprehends the provision of sim le, inexpensive,convenient, practical and e cient means for supporting the tilecenteringand concrete form boards from the reinforcing bars, the said meanssupporting the tiles and concrete, and being readily removable afterthe. concrete has set.

A still further object of the invention is' I the tendency for the saidbars to bend or sag under the weight of the dead and live loads.

vThis invention also aims to provide peculiar, but simple and effectivemeans for.

' a i t ti e i p e d ring r ning and tampin" of the concrete, and whichwill not present any obstructions or weakened portions after thecompletion of the \Vith the foregoing and other objects in view, whichwill be apparent as the nature of the invention is better understood,the present invention resides in the construction,i'arrangement andcombination of parts hereinafter set forth, it being understood, at theoutset, that the present structure is subject to alterations and changeswithin the scope of'what is claimed without do parting from the spiritof the invention.

The invention has been illustrated in the accompanying drawing, whereinFigure 1 is a planview of the improved construction, parts being brokenaway, illustrating the various stages of the work. Figs. 2 and 3 aresectional views, on enlarged scales, taken on the lines 2-2 and 3-3 ofFig. 1, respectively. Fig. 4' is a perspective view of the structure, afragareas and shapes, according. to the circumstances 'andv which arearranged parallel with one another in the proper plane. .Inasmuch as itis frequently necessary to comply with building laws with regard tothepercentage of steel reinforcing employed in concrete floors, and thelike, a careful selection of stock for the reinforcing bars is essentialin order that the greatest supporting strength is possible with aminimum amount of reinforcing material.

The'reinforcing bars 1 preferably, although not necessarily, have theirends anchored or embedded within the walls 2 of the building, the wallsbeing, of any suitable construction, and if desired, the ends of thebars 1 may be seated on I-beams 3, or the like, embedded within thewalls 2.

The reinforcing bars 1 are supported at spaced points. by means of crossbeams 4, terminally-supported by the. walls 2, and running underneaththe bars 1 at right anglestherewith. The bars 1 rest upon the beams 4,and the beams are set sufliciently close together, to leave onlycomparatively short spans between the t aims, to avoid the flexing orsagging of th reinforcing bars intermediate the beams, or detrimentalextent. The bars 1 may 62(- tend to any length desired, they beingoverlapped at their meeting ends, as at 5. The overlapped portionsdirectly upon the beams. \Vi-res or straps 6 are passed below. the beams4 and over the bars 1 to assist in holding the bars in place and tolater assist in holding the concrete upon the beams. A series ofcarriers or saddles 8 is mounted upon each span of each bar 1, and arereadily applied to the said bars prior to the placing thereof. Thecarriers or slides 8 may be in the form of castings, and are spacedsuitably between the beams 4. Eye bolts 9 have their threaded endsengaged into the lower ends or bottoms of the carriers or castings,whereby they may be readily and effectively attached to the reinforcingbars, so as to depend therefrom to provide hangers. The hangers or eyebolts 9 of each series support a centering or form board 10, it beingapparent that the eye bolts may be conveniently passed upwardly throughapertures or holes provided in the longitudinal median line of theboard, so as to be threadedly engaged to the carriers 8, in assemblingthe construction. The boards 10, which provide the tile supports, areh'un'g below the various spans of bars parallel therewith.

oughly support the boards 10 from the eye bolts, Washers 11 arepreferably engaged upon the eye bolts so as to seat upon the eyesthereof to serve as stirrnps in connection with the said eyes, to carrythe boards prop-' erly, and to reduce to a minimum, the tendency for theboards to swing laterally. 'Nails or similar elements 12 are driven intothe boards 10 from above and intermediate the edges and median portionsthereof, to constitute upstanding and detachable stops for spacing thetiles 13 from the bars 1. e tiles are arranged in series between thebeams 4 and between the endmost beams 4 and the corresponding walls 2 ofthe building, the tiles of each series being disposed end to end andhaving their side portions rcstin upon the edge portions of thecorresponding boards or supports 10. As will be observed, the tiles arepositioned between the reinforcing bars, and may be expeditiouslybrought up over the bars 1 and then carefully laid in place, the nailsor stops 12 being applied to the boards either before or after the tilesare placed. The nails serve to hold the tiles against transversedisplacement during the pouring and tamping of the concrete or grout,and are inexpensive and extremely simple, as well as being non--encumbering and'conveni'ent to apply to the boards. The tiles are thussupported upon and held in place over the boards in asimple, buteflicient manner, the spans of the reinforcing bars being sufficientlystill or to any appreciable.

are preferably disposed,

the reinforcing To more thorings, or 0t er structures.

strong to successfully resist any appreciable forcing bars at intervals,whereby the spans of the bars 1 are practically independently carried bythe beams 4. The bending moments of the materials must be carefullyfigured aforehand to guard against any depression of the reinforcingrods, beyond a safe degree, under the dead load, as well as the liveload, which will not, of course, be great, during the buildingoperations. A channelshaped form 14 is hung underneath each of the beams4, with its sides projecting upward and resting against the ends-of theboards 10. Thus, the ends of the boards 10 abut against the sides of theforms 14, and the edges of the forms 14 and the upper-surfaces of theboards 10 are preferably flush. The edges of the forms 14 may therebyrest against the bottoms of the end tiles 13. The forms 14 are hung fromthe bars 1 by means of wire or other hangers 15 looped or otherwiseengaged over the bars 1 at the sides of the forms 14, each pair ofhangers 15; having a lower cross bar 16 upon which the bottom of therespective form 14 is seated. The hangers 15 being connected to the bars1 adjacent the'beams 4 will relieve the bars 1 of the burden ofsupporting the forms 14, inasmuch as the forms will be carried by thebeams, due to the proximity of the hangers 15 to the beams.

The foregoing structure may be erected or assembled'in a facile andexpeditious manner, as will be apparent to those familiar in the art,and the construction will be comparatively inexpensive, and -thoroughlypractical in its use. The structure is also such as to support itselfwithout the aid of the usual props, scaffolding, or the like, it beingunderstood, of course, that changes can be made in the details, withinthe scope of the appended claim, without departing from the spirit ofthe invention, in adaptin the invention to various build- Allowance mustalso be made under the various conditions for the use of materials ofproper proportions, strength, and so forth.

After the tiles have been laid, and the other parts properly placed, theconcrete or grout is hauled or carried up, andpoured over and betweenthe tiles 13 and forms 14. The concrete is then tamped or packed toassure a homogeneous mass, and to perfectly bond the tiles together. Theconcrete fillings 17 between the tiles will embrace the reinforcingbars, the carriers 8, and the upper portions of. the eye bolts 9, andwill be supported by the boards, which bards also form the bottom of thefillers 1 flush with the bottoms of the tiles, to thereby. finish theceiling. The concrete over the tiles forms the floor surfacing coversthe entire tile area or field. The concrete also fills the forms, so asto surround and embrace the steel beams, the concrete being held to thebeams by the wires or straps 6. Furthermore, the concrete fillings 17embrace the nails or stops 12. When the concrete has been ,properlyworked or stamped, the same is allowed to set or harden for a suflicientperiod of time, inwhich event, the boards 10 may be removed, by forciblyunscrewing the eye bolts 9, to detach them from the carriers 8 and towithdraw them from the concrete. The forms 14 may also be readilyremoved by cutting or severing the hangers 15. The boards 10 and forms14 may be repeatedly employed, on the same, or other jobs.

Importance is attached to the fact, that the nails which are driven intothe center ing boards from above at the sides of the bars 1, not onlyserve as tile stops, but also serve as secondary supporting members whenthey are embraced by the concrete. Thus, when the concrete has set, thenails will be embedded therein, and will hold the centering boards upwhile the eye bolts are being unscrewed and withdrawn from the concrete.This avoids the dropping of the centering boards until they are priedloose from the nails, which can be done readily.

The floor and ceiling construction when.

completed, will be of maximum strength. Ordinary tiles may be, andpreferably are employed, for carrying out-the present invention. Thepresent invention saves considerable labor in the erection of theconstruction, and a saving of materials, such as props, etc., is alsoaccomplished.

In the variation illustrated in Fig. 5, a reinforcing member of Tsection is employed, as at 1', and the carrier or slide 8' which fitsbelow the member 1, hasits ends refiexed and engaged over the edges ofthe flanges of the reinforcing member 1. Otherwise, the details are thesame as above described.

The modification depicted in Fig. 6 is somewhat the same as thestructure illustrated in Fig. 5, and in addition, a channelshaped piece12' is engaged to the shank or stem of the eye bolt 9, so that itsflanges serve as stops-for the tiles and also prevent the board 10 fromswinging transversely. When the nails 12 are employed, the boards 10 inbeing removed, will leave the tips or points of the nails projectingslightly, and they may be clenched or bent to one side, if desired ornecessary.

Having thus described my invention, what is claimed as new is In acentering structure, parallel bars, centering boards disposed below therespective bars, a series of carriers mounted on each bar, a series ofhangers engaged through the median portion of each oard and having theirupper ends threadedly engaged to the corresponding carriers, the ban ershaving lower stirrups upon which the ioards are seated, the edgeportions of the boards serving to support tiles thereon, and u standingdetachable members driven into the boards and arranged intermediate theedges and median portions thereof to serve as stops to space the tilesfrom the bars and being arranged to be embedded in the concrete pouredbetween the tiles.

In testimon whereof I afllx my signature in presence 0 two witnesses.

ALFONS TREO.

Witnesses:

EDMUND B. Scnunrr, DAVID P. ANDERSON.

